Who Am I? Essay example -- Writing Education Essays

Who Am I?Today as I look back at the world-class paper that I wrote for this class, I see that it is non the type of paper that I usu totallyy write. It is not full of big, sophisticated words. Rather it is a paper that does what it is supposed to, explain in simple English my thoughts on the subject. Those thoughts are that today most college kids are whiners and students go to college because it is the norm. I also gave a couple of abstracts to these. I never really took a fundament as to which of those pertained to me. But I think that they all do in a sense. In a way I am irresponsible. I add stuff to the last minute, I cram, and I get a attitude and just say screw it. As for the metaphor part of the first paper, I do feel that I am a parent and the university is my child. This interpretation is sort of like a cartogram. A cartogram is a map that is distorted to a relationship between two distinctive regions. The regions in this case is the university and myself. This is dis torted because the university is much larger than me, and it takes care of me. The second metaphor that I pondered is a piffling more down to Earth. The university is our god, and if we do not give, we shalt not receive. All of these lead into who I am. In essence I am a hippocrate. I decry the students who procrastinate, while I am one of the worst at procrastinating. Take this paper for example. I am sitting at my roommates computer, its eight oclock Tuesday night, and Im drinking a whiskey-coke. I already mentioned the child/parent thing. The god part of it is the same, though. I feel I am a god. I can so all of this and still get the grades. At least that the way it seems to be. In actuality I tried it, and it didnt work. The person who wrote the paper is no... ...y writing, I do not see myself. I see some(prenominal)one thats pleasing the audience with what he writes, but not pleasing himself. I am not happy writing stuff that is moody and has to sense of commitment. But t hat is what has always been a requirement. I like writing this kind of paper better. A paper that I can write with some sort of enthusiasm, eventhough I am better at writing the other kind. Writing this way just makes me feel better. I dont know, call me kooky. In the first paper I wrote with a very prominent mask. But as the papers progressed, I think that I might have been starting to upchuck that mask a little. Maybe it was the different style of writing. Maybe it was just me. Maybe it was due to the E-mail discussion, where got to people with out even talking to them directly. I dont know. The experience has been really productive. I just hope I can keep it up.

Catch 22 :: essays research papers

Catch-22 by Joseph Heller is an interesting novel in the fact that through surface theentire novel the plot seems to go nowhere. It just seems to be a bunch of events strungto pretendher through the main shell Yossarian. These events, however powerful, dontseem to lead to much of a point, until the reader finishes. Then, forbidden of nowhere, comesthe meaning behind the book. Heller does a great job of ending the book. By havingYossarian run away the meaning of the book is set in stone. Catch-22 is a novel whichdiscusses the fact that the importance or value of one thing to one person, could becompletely different to another, like in the cases of selling goods all over human life withex-P.F.C. wintergreen, Milo Minderbinder with his wheeling and dealing and DocDaneeka and his description of what it takes to get home. Each character in the novelseems to throw a certain way in which they judge their power, importance, worth and/orduty. Throughout the entire book, the only charac ter that resembles someone with goodopinions of himself is Yossarian. He appears to be the only character that realizes theinsignificance the war effort is because almost all the people in the novel are fighting forthe wrong reason. He says, Am I supposed to get my ass shot off just because thecolonel wants to be a general?. Other characters, like ex-P.F.C. Wintergreen respond toquestions with answer that seem to make no sense. In the case where Yossarian isrequesting that Wintergreen get them off the flight to Bologna because they will probablydie, Wintergreen comes back with the unbelievable answer Then youll have to bekilled. ...if your destined to be killed over bologna, then youre going to be killed, so youmight just as well go out and die like a man. I hate to say this, Yossarian, but youreturning into a chronic complainer. The importance of life is gone. Ex-P.F.C.Wintergreen is more concerned about peddling his goods throughout the war then he isabout the life of a friend. An other strange character in the story was Milo Minderbinder.The person originally brought in to run the mess hall, who later had his own business, M& M Enterprises, in which he handd things in fix up to gain stuff for himself. Hecollected stuff, like art and sculptures, that would be really valuable after the war. Theonly problem with this, is that it got to the point that he would trade things valuable to the

The Lost Handwriting :: essays research papers

The Unheard WritingOne day, in the second grade, the teacher told our class to get out their lined paper and pencils. As I made that first fancy loop, following the example on the board, I was wondering what possible situation I was getting into. Later in the year, I learned that running hand writing was time consuming and very difficult to master. In high school, I found out that we had a choice of cursive script or printing. I asked myself why we needed cursive? Why are others putting aside this writing that consumed so much time? What are the pros and cons of cursive? This type of writing is established, and I never thought to evaluate its effectiveness or its need until now. One such(prenominal) pro is that cursive an established go of writing. In grade school, we learned how to neatly write the cursive alphabet. The reason that so much time was spent on this area of development is because it is seen as professional writing. The teacher wanted to prepare us for the future, and without this ability we would be unable to meditate or write this type of writing. For example, many professional forms such as taxes, weekly paycheck and legal papers all require a signature. Adding on to that, your signature is unique to each and ever one of us. In all the people in the world, there is only one signature that is want yours and that is your own. Yes, it is possible to forge a persons signature, but it is highly unlikely to be a precise copy of the original. For instance, most colleges require students to sign their exams. This procedure prevents the acts of cheating. Moreover, banks have convicted many people of forge checks. A unique signature prevented both(prenominal) of these situations. Who would of thought that personal IDs were this important?On the other hand, one negative attribute is the fact that cursive is sloppy. It is hard for many of us to read cursive that was quickly written. It was hard for me to write it neatly in school. It was also difficul t to read other kids handwriting because all the letters were smashed unitedly and looked almost the same. Recently, there was a lawsuit involving a doctor and his cursive prescription slip. The patient received the wrong prescription. This mishap happened because the doctor was busy and wrote like a speeding bullet.

Racism Exposed in Fences, by August Wilson Essay -- racism, confinemen

imperious Wilsons sportswoman Fences brings an introspective view of the world and of Troy Maxsons family and friends. The appellation Fences dis processs many revelations on what the meaning and significance of the impending building of the fence in the Maxson railway yard represents. Wilson ushers how the family and friends of Troy survive in a twenty-four hours to day scenario through good times and bad. Wilson utilizes his main characters as the interpreters of Fences, both literally and figuratively. Racism, confinement, and protection figure what Wilson was conveying when he chose the title Fences.Lewis states that Wilson was an African American playwright, whose prehistorical of racism when he was growing up caused him to drop out of high school after a racist accusation that he had plagiarized a paper (Lewis). When Wilson wrote the play Fences he centered his main characters on this racism that he grew up with. Troy, a man who deals with his issues of failure in baseball and pride from doing right by his family, says Why? Why you got the white mens driving and the colored lifting?...whats the matter, move intot I count?(Wilson 1575). This display of racism and the significance of the title fences go together hand in hand because the building of the fence in the Maxson yard is a way to show that African Americans cute to protect their families. Rose, troys wife, wanted to have the fence built to protect her family against the outside(a) world of a predominately white society. The fences also represent the hindrance between African Americans and the rest of the society. Alchura says that the way Wilson uses the setting dominates the fact of racism in this play (Alchura 1). Wilson uses the following quote as a way to show how racism affected African Americans.They ... ...om. Yahoo, June-July 2009. Web. 17 July 2014vvvv. .Lewis, Miles M. Interview with August Wilson. The Believer. The Believer, Nov. 2004. Web. 20 July 2014. .SparkNotes Editors. SparkNotes Fences Character List. SparkNotes.com. SparkNotes LLC. n.d.. Web. 17 Jul. 2014. Wilson, August. Fences. Literature Reading, Reacting, Writing. Compact 7th ed. Eds. Laurie G. Kirszner and Stephen R. Mandell. Boston Wadsworth CENGAGE, 2010. 1572-1625. Print.Zirin, David. Tribute to August Wilson Breaking Down Fences. Home Common Dreams. CommonDreams.org, 14 Oct. 2005. Web. 17 July 2014. . Racism Exposed in Fences, by August Wilson Essay -- racism, confinemen August Wilsons play Fences brings an introspective view of the world and of Troy Maxsons family and friends. The title Fences displays many revelations on what the meaning and significance of the impending building of the fence in the Maxson yard represents. Wilson shows how the family and friends of Troy survive in a day to day scenario through good times and bad. Wilson utilizes his main characters as the interpreters of Fences, both literally and figuratively. Racism, confinement, an d protection show what Wilson was conveying when he chose the title Fences.Lewis states that Wilson was an African American playwright, whose past of racism when he was growing up caused him to drop out of high school after a racist accusation that he had plagiarized a paper (Lewis). When Wilson wrote the play Fences he centered his main characters on this racism that he grew up with. Troy, a man who deals with his issues of failure in baseball and pride from doing right by his family, says Why? Why you got the white mens driving and the colored lifting?...whats the matter, dont I count?(Wilson 1575). This display of racism and the significance of the title fences go together hand in hand because the building of the fence in the Maxson yard is a way to show that African Americans wanted to protect their families. Rose, troys wife, wanted to have the fence built to protect her family against the outside world of a predominately white society. The fences also represent the barrier bet ween African Americans and the rest of the society. Alchura says that the way Wilson uses the setting dominates the fact of racism in this play (Alchura 1). Wilson uses the following quote as a way to show how racism affected African Americans.They ... ...om. Yahoo, June-July 2009. Web. 17 July 2014vvvv. .Lewis, Miles M. Interview with August Wilson. The Believer. The Believer, Nov. 2004. Web. 20 July 2014. .SparkNotes Editors. SparkNotes Fences Character List. SparkNotes.com. SparkNotes LLC. n.d.. Web. 17 Jul. 2014. Wilson, August. Fences. Literature Reading, Reacting, Writing. Compact 7th ed. Eds. Laurie G. Kirszner and Stephen R. Mandell. Boston Wadsworth CENGAGE, 2010. 1572-1625. Print.Zirin, David. Tribute to August Wilson Breaking Down Fences. Home Common Dreams. CommonDreams.org, 14 Oct. 2005. Web. 17 July 2014. .

Managemente and Leadership Essay -- essays research papers

Management and LeadershipAre you a charabanc or a loss leader? This is a question that has been asked from consultants to corporations. An organization needs both management and leadership. It is good for a corporation to understand the differences between the both. I think Leaders and Managers have very clear and distinct qualities only highly interconnect together. Skilled set management and leadership are needed to achieve organizational goals. Depending on the size of an organization, management and leadership roles whitethorn be carried out by the same person, or by multiple managers who carry out the two roles. I believe that a leader is champion who guides people in a certain direction to accomplish a certain goal. Every business needs leadership. Leadership is on of the ways managers mend the behavior of people in the company. In history most of the great accomplishers became leaders for an unpredictable special quality they had that let them rise to the occasion when needed. In an organization today, a leader may not necessarily be the CEO of a company. The CEO will oversee the company as a whole, whereas a manager or supervisor of a department will be the point of contact that an employee will look to for direction.Being a leader is not the same as being a manager. A leader can lead people in a certain direction, whereas a manager can manage people in their jobs. Management has put together people in groups or organizations that will help the company drive to improvements. The bi...

Managemente and Leadership Essay -- essays research papers

Management and LeadershipAre you a manager or a leader? This is a header that has been asked from consultants to corporations. An organization needs both focus and leadership. It is good for a corporation to understand the differences between the both. I think Leaders and Managers have very square away and distinct qualities but highly interconnect together. Skilled set management and leadership are needed to achieve organizational goals. Depending on the size of an organization, management and leadership roles may be carried out by the same person, or by multiple managers who carry out the two roles. I believe that a leader is one who guides people in a accredited direction to accomplish a certain goal. Every business needs leadership. Leadership is on of the ways managers affect the behavior of people in the ac phoner. In history most of the great accomplishers became leaders for an unpredictable special quality they had that let them progress to the occasion when needed. In an organization today, a leader may not necessarily be the CEO of a company. The CEO will oversee the company as a whole, whereas a manager or supervisor of a department will be the point of contact that an employee will look to for direction. be a leader is not the same as being a manager. A leader can lead people in a certain direction, whereas a manager can manage people in their jobs. Management has put together people in groups or organizations that will help the company drive to improvements. The bi...

How to Survive Your Freshman Year in College

How to Survive Freshman Year in College College is the perfect intersection of freedom and infantile adulthood. Never again result a person be allowed to gain that much fun while being responsible for so little. But as generations of students have learned the hard way, its easy to stand by everywherewhelmed by that freedom and go overboard. Students whod never had a problem doing homework befall themselves failing tests when theres no one around to motivate them to attend class. People whod always managed to have a thriving fond life discover theyre constantly in solitary.Its a fun but intimidating time, and the best way to get the most appear of freshman year is to remember a few key things meet new people, go to the library, dont go crazy during the week, go to class, and get involved in a club. Meeting new people is probably the most important step in order to have a victorious first year at college, and it is also probably one of the easiest. It doesnt matter if youre u pkeep in a dorm or living with your parents, there are plenty of ways to meet some people that share common interests.For starters, there are anywhere from 10-200 other people in your classes. Start talking to your neighbor. Not only can they help get through the long hour of your horrible class, but also you might have something in common with them. Also, go to the library with this person and cram for the final together. Who knows, the two of you might just stay in contact once the semester is over ?? Upon hearing the word library, what probably comes to mind is, Thats the last place Im outlet to go but, reconsider that thought.Trying to study in a dorm can be distracting, and studying at your house can be even harder because this is your comfort zone. In the library, the only animal magnetism youll have is the cute boy sitting at the table across. And, if a snack is needed, there is a coffee shop located inside of the library. ?? I know its temping, but try not to go to parties or the club during the week. It is really easy to get behind on teachwork, and by going to the parties and clubs only garners the situation worse.College is a lot different that high school, which means effort, has to actually be put in to all of the work that is done. Two days are given to celebrate all of your hard work, sleep in, and forget what was being studied in Biology class. Once Monday arrives, though, what time your class starts cleanse be remembered The thing that everyone complained about most in high school was the attendance policy. Now that youre in college, not all professors take cast of characters however, they will do things to make sure everyone attends.For example, a professor might give out a pop quiz ten times during the semester. This, in turn, will count for 100 points. Imagine getting a zero on a test youd probably have a intent attack. Other professors will not post the lecture notes on their website, which intervenes with studying for the final. B ottom line go to class and your GPA will reflect your effort. The senior saying is true Time flies when youre having fun Getting involved in a club or activity will make the semester go by so much quicker.There are always booths on the promenade that are promoting clubs, and this is a good way to get more info on them. This is also another great way to meet people. At the end of the year, you should realize that you survived your freshman year Making that adjustment from high school to college can be treacherous, but dont lose heart or give up. Even though it will be stressful, much different than what was expected, and there will be times when you will want to give up, college actually is fun. They say these are the best times of our lives, and this saying is only true if the best is do of it.

Week Memo

Memo to Client In this memo one will imply a summary of the facts, Including the names, ages, educational background, and Income status for Mr.. And Mrs.. Close and their two dependents. Loose CPA will alike discuss two of the Closes goals and concerns. This memo will also summarize the findings and key elements of the personal budget, balance sheet, and the statement of cash flow.Loose CPA will also make recommendations and support for improving the financial situation for the Closes. compendious of Facts Clients- Ken and Tina Close are married with two children, Tyler (16) and Nikkei (14). Ken Is 42 years old disabled ex-factory worker with a high school education. Tina Is a 37 year old Event Planner with an Associates Degree in customer service. Although Ken is disabled he does receive disability benefits of $14,500 one-yearly and Titans annual income is $32,500.Tyler is a Junior at BBS and works part-time at Cullers with an annual income of $3,100. Nikkei is a freshman at BBS and is not employed. The familys goals are to knock down credit card debt and to save for a vacation. The vernally biggest concerns are that their credit will suffer if they do not pay off the debt and that Tyler and Nikkei will both convey vehicles soon. Key Items and Findings The balance sheet compiled for the Closes shows total assets to be worth $188,250 and total liabilities at $115,320. 24.Ken and -rattans net worth $72,929. 76. The statement of cash flow compiled includes monthly income from Kens fond Security Disability and Titans net income from event planning for a total monthly income of $3,294. 16. The total cash outflows of $2629. 69 can be assignd Into frozen expenses of $1475. 49 and variable expenses of $1 154. 20 for the month of February. The monthly inflows minus monthly outflows gives the Closes a cash surplus of $664. 47 each month to divide up for emergencies, savings, and a family vacation.The monthly gadget show no variance for inflows but does show a s mall variance for outflows. The savings variance was ($4. 53), the meliorate expense variance was zero, and the variable expense variance was $6. 23. Thus giving a total outflow variance of $1. 70. Loose CPA recommends that Mr.. And Mrs.. Close see to limit the amount spent on credit cards in the future and for the balance due on the current credit cards to be paid in an amount higher than the monthly minimum due in order to pay the cards off faster and reduce fire charges.

Pennsylvania Sovereign Immunity Statute Essay

Rooted in the history of mutual police force in England was the electrical resistance of the sovereign from the work ates of the law (Christie and Meeks, 1990). However, this idea of m either man or body of men above the law was said to be objectionable to the English concept of justice (Christie and Meeks, 1990). The King can do no wrong was often the explanation for the said immunity besides denoted more the lack of adequate redress at law than absence of susceptibility to violate the law (Christie and Meeks, 1990).Thus, the agitation for the availability of tort remedy against the sovereign, or the state to any considerable degree led to the mature development of the law (Christie and Meeks 1990, page 1202). Because of the increase in the scope of governmental activities and the expanding activities of the Federal Government which touch upon the life of every citizen in such an intimate manner, pressures to either destroy the states immunity from suit or to have a waiver of the sovereign immunity in limited situations, increased (Christie and Meeks, 1990).The Pennsylforefrontia monarch butterfly Immunity jurisprudence has been maven of those which hoped to address the increasing dissatisf action at law with the concept of sovereign immunity from suit (Christie and Meeks, 1990). This paper hopes to explain the Pennsylvania Sovereign Immunity Statute and the exceptions provided for under the said statute. The paper would also present the character referenceicular Constitutional provision which provides support for the exception to the Sovereign Immunity. Finally, the paper hopes to present eccentric person laws, the venue, process and limitations, in order to explain further the exception to the said immunity statute.Pennsylvania Sovereign Immunity Statute Over three-fourths of the states in the join States of America have either totally abolished the belief of sovereign immunity or substantially modified it (Christie and Meeks, 1990). One such example is Pennsylvania which provides for exceptions to the doctrine of sovereign immunity. 42 Pa. C. S. 8521-8528 provides for the Sovereign Immunity in general, the exceptions and the limitations on damages. 42 Pa. C. S. 8522 (b) provide for acts which may impose liability which includeVehicle Liability or the operation of any motor fomite in the possession or control of a ground party Medical-professional liability or acts of health boot employees of people agency medical facilities or institutions or by a Commonwealth party who is a doctor, dentist, nurse or related health premeditation personnel Cargon, custody or control of personal property in the possession or control of Commonwealth parties, including Commonwealth-owned personal property and property of persons held by a Commonwealth agency A dangerous condition of Commonwealth agency real estate and sidewalks, including Commonwealth-owned real property, leaseholds in the possession of a Commonwealth agency and Comm onwealth-owned real property leased by a Commonwealth agency to surreptitious persons, and highways under the jurisdiction of a Commonwealth agency Potholes and new(prenominal)(a) dangerous conditions of highways under the jurisdiction of a Commonwealth agency created by potholes or sinkholes or other similar conditions created by natural elementsThe care, custody or control of animals in the possession or control of a Commonwealth party, including but not limited to police dogs and horses and animals incarcerated in Commonwealth agency laboratories the exchange of liquor at Pennsylvania liquor chime ins by employees of the Pennsylvania Liquor Control Board created by and operating under the Liquor Code, if such barter is made to any minor, or to any person visibly intoxicated, or to any insane person, or to any person known as an familiar drunkard, or of known intemperate habitNational Guard activities or acts of a member of the Pennsylvania military forces and finally, the administration, manufacture and use of a toxoid or vaccine not manufactured in the Commonwealth under conditions specified by the statute (42 Pa. C. S. 8522 (b)). Under the Pennsylvania Constitution, all courts shall be discourteous and every man for an injury done him in his lands, goods, person or reputation shall have remedy by due course of law, without sale, denial or delay, and suits may be brought against the Commonwealth in such manner, in such courts and in such cases as the Legislature may by law cultivate (Pa. Const. Art. I, 11).Hence, under this provision the general assembly waives sovereign immunity which is a bar to an action against commonwealth parties where damages would be recoverable under the common law or statute creating a cause of action if the injury were caused by a person to whom the defense of sovereign immunity is not accessible (Westlaw, n. d. ). Exceptions to the Sovereign Immunity The first exception to sovereign immunity is the vehicle liabil ity or the operation of any motor vehicle liability in the possession or control of a Commonwealth party (42 Pa. C. S. 8522 (b)). Motor vehicle means any vehicle which is self-propelled and any attachment thereto, including vehicles operated by rail, through water or in the air (42 Pa. C. S. 8522 (b)).In Harding v. City of Philadelphia, 777 A. 2d 1249 (Pa. Cmwlth. 2001), the speak to held that bicycles are not motor vehicles (Governors Center for local Government Services, 2003). In determining whether the vehicle is in operation, the Supreme Court held that the dispatchers placeions do not constitute operation under the vehicle exception (Regester v. Longwood Ambulance Company, Inc. , 797 A. 2d 898 (Pa. Cmwlth. 2002)).In some other case, the Court held that citys negligent maintenance and repair of fire departments rescue van was operation of motor vehicle within meaning of motor vehicle exception to governmental immunity (Mickle v.City of Philadelphia 550 Pa. 539, 707 A. 2d 1124 (1998)). The Court further explains in the case of Vogel v. Langer, 569 A. 2d 1047 (Pa. Cmwlth. 1990), that operation necessarily entails momentary stops due to traffic and communication with other drivers, or such acts which are an integral part of the operation itself (Vogel v. Langer, 569 A. 2d 1047 (Pa. Cmwlth. 1990)). The second exception provides for the medical-professional liability or acts of health care employees of Commonwealth agency medical facilities or institutions or by a Commonwealth party who is a doctor, dentist, nurse or related health care personnel (42 Pa. C. S. 8522 (b)).In Williams v. Syed, No. 431 C. D. 2001, the Court held that Dr. Syed has no privilege to championship sovereign immunity as a defense because as Chief Medical Director of State Correctional Institute at Pittsburgh, he falls within the medical professional liability (Williams v. Syed, No. 431 C. D. 2001). In the case of Stack v. Wapner, 368 A. 2d 292 (Pa. Super. 1976), patients success fully sued physicians for their negligent failure to monitor the patients after administering certain(a) drugs (Stack v. Wapner, 368 A. 2d 292 (Pa. Super. 1976)). The third provides for the personal property exception, which is under the possession or control of the Commonwealth.The Court held that personal property must directly cause complainants injury not just facilitate it (Dept. of Environmental Resources v. Myers, 581 A. 2d 696 Pa. Cmwlth. (1990)). In this case, a helicopter pilot brought an action for injuries incurred when, under contract with the incision of Environmental Resources (DER), his helicopter ran into power lines while spraying for gypsy moths (Dept. of Environmental Resources v. Myers, 581 A. 2d 696 Pa. Cmwlth. (1990)). The pilot alleged that DER negligently placed the balloons marking the boundaries of the area to be sprayed as well as negligently providing him with a typographical map that failed to show the power lines (Dept. of Environmental Resources v. Myers, 581 A. 2d 696 Pa.Cmwlth. (1990)).Because of the negligent placement of the balloons and the incorrectly mark map, the pilot contended those items of the Commonwealths personal property directly caused his injuries (Dept. of Environmental Resources v. Myers, 581 A. 2d 696 Pa. Cmwlth. (1990)). Rejecting that argument, the Court held that the placement of the balloons did not cause the injury, but merely facilitated another kind of negligence which is professional incompetence (Dept. of Environmental Resources v. Myers, 581 A. 2d 696 Pa. Cmwlth. (1990)). The fourth provides for the real property exception which is under the care, custody or control of the agency.The Court in a case held that the scroll saw was realty, taking into account the nature of the saw, the status of it with respect to the realty, the manner of annexation, and the use for which the scroll saw was installed (Cureton ex. rel. carom v. Philadelphia School Di unyielding, 798 A. 2d 279 Pa. Cmwlth. 2002). In Collins v. City of Philadelphia 227 Pa. 121, 75 A. 1028, Pa. 1910, the Court held that the hole, six inches square, near the middle of a narrow sidewalk and in the direct line of ordinary travel, was more or less dangerous to all persons passing, whether walking or on skates (Collins v. City of Philadelphia 227 Pa. 121, 75 A. 1028, Pa. 1910).Thus, the girl whose foot went into the scuttle which resulted in permanent injuries, is within the exception provided by the statute (Collins v. City of Philadelphia 227 Pa. 121, 75 A. 1028, Pa. 910). The fifth exception provides that a dangerous condition of highways under the jurisdiction of a Commonwealth agency created by potholes or sinkholes or other similar conditions created by natural elements, shall be an exception to the sovereign immunity but the claimant must establish that the dangerous condition created a reasonably foreseeable risk of the kind of injury and that the Commonwealth agency had actual written post-horse of the dang erous condition of the highway a sufficient time prior to the event to have taken measures to protect against the dangerous condition (42 Pa. C. S. 8522 (b)).In Litchfield, 22 D. & C. 4th 123 (C. P.Clinton 1994) in that the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation has the responsibility to make a highway under its jurisdiction safe before it can guide that jurisdiction, and that whether the highway was safe at the time of transfer is a factual issue for the jury (Litchfield, 22 D. & C. 4th 123 (C. P. Clinton 1994)). The sixth exception provides for the care, custody or control of animals in the possession or control of animals in the possession or control of a Commonwealth party to which the Commonwealth may be held liable (condition (42 Pa. C. S. 8522 (b)). In a case, the Court held that the City of Philadelphia was not in control of a stray dog that attacked the plaintiff under the exception because a stray dog was not within the possession and control of the City (Jenkins v. Kelly, 498 A. 2d 487 (Pa. Cmwlth. 1985).Furthermore, the Court also held in another case that the fact that a township had investigated prior attacks by a dog, owned by a private citizen, and had even temporarily quarantined the dog on one of the occasions, did not create possession or control of the dog, when, at its owners premises, the dog attacked her guests (Lerro ex rel. Lerro v. Upper Darby Tp. , 798 A. 2d 817 (Pa. Cmwlth. 2002). The seventh exception provides that liquor store sales at Pennsylvania liquor stores by employees of the Pennsylvania Liquor Control Board if such sale is made to any minor, or to any person visibly intoxicated or to any insane person, or to any person known to any person known as a habitual drunkard or of a known intemperate habit then, Commonwealth cannot use as a defense, sovereign immunity (42 Pa. C. S. 8522 (b)). Acts of members of the military forces are also included in the exception from the sovereign immunity statute (42 Pa. C. S. 8522 (b) ).In a case, the Court held that the proposition that the Supreme Court held that the supremacy clause of the United States Constitution prevents a state from immunizing state acts from liability imposed under federal holding that because the Pennsylvania Sovereign Immunity Act does not immunize the unnamed defendants from a cause of action created under federal law, the action cannot be foreclosed merely because the conduct of the defendants does not fall within any of the exceptions to immunity (Heinly v. Commonwealth, 153 Pa. Cmwlth. 599, 621 A. 2d 1212, 1215, 1216 (1993)). Finally, the last exception provides that the liability may be imposed on the Commonwealth for a toxoid or vaccine not manufactured in Pennsylvania and Pennsylvania must take responsibility for it (42 Pa. C. S. 8522 (b)).The statute provides for the following additional guidelines, that the toxoid or vaccine is manufactured in, and operational only from, an agency of another state the agency of the other st ate go forth not make the toxoid or vaccine available to private persons or corporations, but will only permit its sale to another state or state agency the agency of the other state will make the toxoid or vaccine available to the Commonwealth only if the Commonwealth agrees to indemnify, defend and save harmless that agency from any and all claims and losings which may arise against it from the administration, manufacture or use of the toxoid or vaccine a determination has been made by the appropriate Commonwealth agency, ratified by the Governor and published in the Pennsylvania Bulletin, that the toxoid or vaccine is necessary to safeguard and protect the health of the citizens or animals of this Commonwealth the toxoid or vaccine is distributed by a Commonwealth agency to qualified persons for ultimate use.Hence, the Court held that to apply this exception, there must be a strict interpretation based on the legislatures intent (Jones v. Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportatio n Authority 565 Pa. 211, 772 A. 2d 435 (2001)). Venue, Process and Limitations As provided in 42 Pa. C. S. 8523, actions for claims against a Commonwealth party may be brought in and only in a county in which the principal or local office of the Commonwealth party is located or in which the cause of action arose or where a transaction or occurrence took place out of which the cause of action arose (42 Pa. C. S. 8523).The statute adds that if venue is obtained in the Twelfth Judicial District (Dauphin County) solely because the principal office of the Commonwealth party is located within it, any attempt of the Court of Common Pleas of Dauphin County shall have the power to transfer the action to any appropriate county where venue would otherwise lie (42 Pa. C. S. 8523). The service of process in the case of an action against the Commonwealth shall be made at the principal or local office of the Commonwealth agency that is being sued and at the office of the attorney General lie (42 Pa. C. S. 8523). Limitations on damages is also stated in 42 Pa. C. S. 8528 wherein damages arising from the same cause of action or transaction or occurrence or series of causes of action or transactions or occurrences shall not exceed $250,000, in favor of any plaintiff or $1,000,000 in the aggregate (42 Pa. C. S. 8528).Furthermore the types of damages recoverable are those damages recoverable only for Past and future loss of earnings and earning capacity Pain and vile Medical and dental expenses including the reasonable value of reasonable and necessary medical and dental services, prosthetic devices and necessary ambulance, hospital, professional nursing, and physical therapy expenses accrued and anticipated in the diagnosis, care and recovery of the claimant Loss of consortium Property losses, except that property losses shall not be recoverable in claims brought pursuant to section 8522(b)(5) which relates to potholes and other dangerous conditions (42 Pa. C. S. 8528) . In all these, suits against an agency of Pennsylvania may prosper once the plaintiff provides that his claim is under one of the exceptions provided for under the statute. The sovereign immunity therefore under the Pennsylvania Sovereign Immunity Statute is not at all absolute and persons may file suits if their claims fall under one of the exceptions provided.

LAN-Based Voting System

3.0 Employee Registration System for Mustang Security Agency Inc. The proposed trunk was used to correct the deficiency that the manual filing process has. The arranging gives an accurate result. It also provides printable information of the employees and also on their previous assigned companies.3.1 System Overview The following were the contrasting mental facultys of the proposed system and its capabilities with regards to registration process.Registration Module This staff allows the staff of the HR to register the new applied security guard.Client Module This module allows the HR to register the companies that asking for their service.Employee Track Record Module This module allows the HR to save the employment record of the security guards on their assigned companies.3.2 System Objectives The following were the diametrical deliverables that the system had Provided an accurate search result.The proposed system has a module that gave an exact result when it deigns in search ing employee information.Printable Employee Information The employee registration system generates a printable employee information.Every employee has unique employee ID The system provided a unique employee ID for intimately tracking of records.The System has image capturing The system had a image capturing features for easily identifying the employees.3.3 System Scope and Limitations The system was bounded with different deliverables that defined the scope and limitations of the system.The system included the following functions Printable Employee InformationThe system can print the information and employment track records of theemployees..Image Capturing Features The system used an image capturing features to identify the employees easily.The system doesnt cover the attendance monitoring and payroll of the employees it only serves as registration system to easily find files of the employees.3.4 Physical Environment Resources The following were the different corporal resources t o be used in the development of the proposed system.Hardware Specification The following were the different hardware used both in the development and implementation of the proposed system.Computer Server 1 GB memory Webcam Switch/Router UTP cablesSoftware Specification The system used several softwares both for the development and implementation of the system.Visual Basic 6.0 This software was used for the main use of the system interface.Microsoft Access This software was used for the informationbase of the system.3.5 Architectural DesignThe researchers used different architectural designs in both developing and in implementing the proposed system. These designs helped the researchers in coming up with an accurate a reliable system. The Dataflow Diagram was used to identify the different flows of data in every process of the system in order to come up with an accurate result. This diagram was used to depict the main flow of the system which was used to evaluate the efficiency of the proposed system. Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) was used to go over the relationship between entities and database attributes.This was used toidentify the data needed in the database and the different primary keys and foreign keys. The Data Dictionary was used to identify the different data structures needed in the database. These data allowed the researchers in properly normalizing the database and in designing the database accurately. System flowchart was used to determine the overview of the systems flow, the different reports and different output displayed that verifies it with the data flow diagram.4.0 Design and ImplementationAfter the researchers gathered pertinent data and used several instruments, the development of the proposed system was done accurately and correct. The data flow diagram was used to guide the researchers in identifying the main flow of the data. The respondents were asked to accurately input data to the system particularly with. This was a common trouble with manual entry of employee information. The system was developed using a carefully designed entity relationship diagram, it was considered as the back-bone of the system.The database structure followed as specified to guarantee the the true of data during entry. The researchers followed what was specified. During the completion of the system, it was tested to identify if the needs and set deliverables were met. The main problem that the researchers had encountered in the system was the integration of the webcam device.

Marine Barracks Attack

On May 30, 2003, CNN law center made a report, that the attack on the U. S. Marine barracks in Beirut, Lebanon, that killed 241 American servicemen was an example of a state-sponsored terrorist attack. The report goes on to say that U. S. District Judge Royce Lamberth established that the plaintiffs in this case the servicemen wounded in the turkeying and families of those killed, accept down a right to obtain judicial relief ( date stamp CNN. com, 2003). This piece of news is referring to an event that happened twain decades ago and yet railroad carried so much significance that even afterward twenty years a U. S.District Court deems it worthy of its precious time and resources. The event in question transformed the way the world view act of terrorism. much importantly the said event transformed the way the United States perceive the capabilities and commitment of a new breed of enemy that does non believe in or rely on conventional warfare. This paper provide fool a cl oser look into the bomb calorimetering. And to understand its context a dismantle of the carry will be devoted to into looking at other(a) suffices of terrorism that intentiond the same modus operandi. Beirut, Lebanon In the year 1982, Lebanon was at war with Israel.It is an understatement to say that the surface area was war-torn. The situation was bad enough that it required the presence of Western sol overtakers to achieve heartsease and if this is not possible then at least creating a sense experience of order in the midst of chaos. In August of 1982 American soldiers came to Lebanon as part of the multi-national peacekeeping force, which included French, Italian, and British personnel. Yet according to Kushner, the peacekeepers had sensation other thing in mind and it was to negotiate a cease-fire between Lebanon and Israel (2003, p. 386). It was cardinal of the costliest mistakes the U. S. government and its armed forces ever made.They were not welcome in Lebanon and their proclivity to end the war was seen as a ploy to help their everyy the Israelis. So on the 23rd of October 1983, on a beautiful morning, at or so 620 AM, a yellow five-ton truck was carrying hundreds of kilos of explosives. The unsuspecting Lebanese guards who worked at a nearby checkpoint, did not notice that the bed of the Mercedes-Benz truck was pushed frown than it should have been. The truck was carrying a heavy load (Olson, 2003, p. 4). For days the enemy has been pounding the airdrome with artillery fire hardly on this and the day onward that all was peace and quiet.This prompted many marines to take a well deserved rest. While the truck was easing its way past the checkpoint some of the marines were asleep in the Battalion Landing Team (BLT) headquarters at the Marine Amphibious Unit (MAU) compound (Olson, 2003, p. 6). The Mercedes truck was waved through and it proceeded southward at a lulu pace along the airport road. To the drivers right beyond the airport runway, lay the beautiful Mediterranean Sea. To his left ran iron fence that scattered the road from the marines compound (Olson, 2003, p. 6).Then without warning the self-annihilation bomber driving the vehicle accelerated and made a mad dash to its think target. The vehicle went crashing into the front door of the BLT buildings were hundreds of marines were sleeping. And then, Twelve thousand pounds of dynamite detonated among the sleeping marines. The four-story building collapsed to eye level, and many who were not lucky enough to die instantly were buried under tons of rubble (2003, p. 7). As a result of the attack Shai remarked, Two hundred and forty- nonpareil people were killed and eighty were injured, most of which were U. S.Marines This terror attack took the heaviest toll on the United States prior to the attacks of folk 11, 2001 and quoting the then commander of the U. S. Marines Corp General Kelly who twenty years ago said, It was the largest terrorist act in the U nited States history the day became the Corps bloodiest since February 1945, when Marines fought to secure Iwo Jima (Shai, 2005, p. 91). It is in movement difficult to grasp the significance of this event post-911. But before the family 11, 2001 attacks at that place was no precedence to the exercising of guerilla and suicidal tactics to achieve this kind of destruction.A member of the U. S. Marine Corp is considered to be creme de la creme of the U. S. arm Forces and taking a few out without firing a single shot is considered really unfortunate. But in the car battery there were not only a handful of marines that were eliminated, there were hundreds of them and it dealt a severe blow to the collective psyche of the American people and perhaps the peacekeeping team move to Lebanon. It was afterwards found out that the true perpetrators were coming from the Hizballah (Party of God) which according to a fact finding committee of the U. S. government is aRadical Shia host formed in Lebanon dedicated to creation of Iranian-style Islamic republic in Lebanon and removal of all non-Islamic influences from area. Strongly anti-West and anti-Israel. Closely allied with, and often directed by, Iran, exactly may have conducted rogue operations that were not approved by Tehran (see United States Department of State, 1993, p. 46). Car Bombs The modus operandi used here is of course a car bomb which can be a sedan, van or in this case a truck. It is a favorite method of inflicting severe damage. Shaul Shai asserts that the use of a car bomb has several advantages A relatively large amount of explosives can be hidden inside a car and transported to the target. A car can prevent early detection because it blends in the background cars, vans and trucks are a normal occurrence especially in a rattling busy area. The vehicle offers the attackers mobility and flexibility in choosing the target and reaching it. The vehicle enhances the lethal effect of the attack. The vehicle enables the arrival at the target under an ingenuous guise (2003, p. 15). When it comes to a terrorist attack there is nothing more frightening than the prospect of a car bomb being used against a target.Shai (2003) was jell in saying that a vehicle provides a disguise and place to hide the explosives while at the same time allowing the subterfuge to be move from one place to the next. Detection is almost impossible unless the bomb maker or its accomplice would specifically point out the location of the vehicle. Imagine for a moment a car bomb parked outside a shop, outside a school, outside an office and no one would think double that there is something wrong with that. Another advantage of a car bomb is the fact that it can be delivered to the target by surprise and moving the device very quickly from point A to point B.In the case of the Beirut bombing the truck was able to cover the relatively long distance from the airport gate an area designated for the general pu blic to the restricted zone where the temporary barracks was situated. There is no other weapon for a suicide bomber that would have fit his requirements for this specific job. A truck was used not only to provide concealment of the explosive device precisely it also provides for ample length to store significant amounts of explosives. Also, a truck is one of the most common things that one can see in an airport.And finally a truck has an engine powerful enough to ram through reinforced gates and checkpoints and able to crash through doors. At the same time the bomber can get added protection from the more sturdier frame of a truck than a sedan. Moreover, a car bomb has one final advantage, The preparation of a car bomb does not require any special infrastructure any repair shop or garage can be used for these preparations (2003, p. 15). With a car bomb a terrorist has a very flexible yet very powerful weapon and if they continue to use it and be successful with it then they wou ld be able to achieve their main goal which is to instill fear.Serious Intent The bombing of the U. S. Marines barracks was not an isolated case where a group suddenly decided to bomb an enemy outpost. It was a premeditated, calculated, and highly coordinated attack. In fact six months before the military barracks bombing a similar signature attack was successfully carried out in the U. S. Embassy in Beirut. On April 18, 1983 a Chevrolet pickup truck loaded with about 2,000 pounds of explosives sped through the gate of the Embassy in West Beirut and then rammed itself into the building (Kushner, 2003, p. 386). According to Kushner, the explosion killed 63 people, in a blast so powerful it shook the U.S. S. Guadalcanal, anchored five miles away (2003, p. 386). After the U. S. Marine barracks bombing there was another attack using the same method of bombing the target. In less than a year from the said bombing on September 20, 1984 another car bomb was successfully detonated in the U. S. Embassy Ideology of Terrorism In all three attacks one can be see a pattern developing. The method used can be broken down into two study aspects. The first one is the use of car bombs and the second part is the use of suicide bombers. Together these two formed a new kind of enemy which is currently being labeled as terrorists.Terrorism is not a very easy thing to comprehend and at the same time a difficult concept that one can put a insure on. As they say, one mans terrorist is another mans freedom fighter is profoundly true in many respects. But there are still a few valid arguments that would separate the fanatics from a true soldier that is merely defending their homeland from a zealot who will even take pride in taking out non-combatants. In the case of the terrorists like members of the Hizbollah they attack those that are not even remotely interested in taking away their lands or their freedom.It is at this point when trying to decipher their actions is a mind bogglin g experience. This is perhaps the reason why the American soldiers stationed in Beirut at that time did not anticipate such savagery and suicidal intent because to their minds they were not their as oppressors but brokers of peace. And is it not that peace and goodwill are part of a universal language soundless by all peoples of the world? Apparently the answer is no and it will take more than the scope of this paper to fully understand the enemys point of view.It is sufficient for the sake of this study to argue that the Americans made a very costly mistake. They approached the situation from a purely policy-making standpoint. Lebanon was at war with Israel. So, they came in, putting lives and reputation on the line, being so sure that this would have been understood by the enemy as something worthy of respect, even admiration. But what they did not realize is the fact that there are heavy undercurrents operating just to a lower place the surface and it can be said that the Amer ican government was naive enough at that point in time not to understand all these.At that time the idea of fanaticism and standism was not fully understood. It has to be put in perspective that the nation of Israeli was still in its infancy. And this is a major issue that is driving the fanatics crazy they do not want the existence of Israel in the Middle East. Now, here come the Americans with an offer to mediate between the two warring groups. Yet it was clear to all non-Israelis living in the Arab world that the Americans are partial to Israel. The American soldiers had no inkling that in these parts, no one saw them as peacekeepers but on the contrary they are enemy troops defiling a sacred land.It will be found out later that the attack was driven by ideology rather than a kind of nationalistic or ethnic motive driving the perpetrators. This is because the attack was state-sponsored not by Lebanon but by Iran (see CNN. com). According to Shai, the Marine barracks bombings w as claimed to be the handiwork of the Islamic Jihad organization which was nothing more than a cover name for Pro-Iranian radical Shiite entities (2005, p. 91). Describing the attackers as a product of a movement or an ideology is not an accurate description.If one uses the argument of ideology then one should use Communism or Marxism as an example which is the struggle for an idea. Communists and Marxists would go to war for this idea and this is similar to what has transpired in the said attacks but there is something more to the suicide bombers than meets the eye. This is because they are not simply fighting for an idea but they are advancing a different kind of spirituality mixed with their own pit of politics. In fact it is difficult to see where politics end and where religion begins in the bombings that occurred in the 1980s and all those that followed subsequently.It is therefore more helpful to see the bombing from the perspective of some theorists like Tore Bjorgo who sug gests that the perpetrators of the car bombings were terrorists and that they use methods or strategies of combat that, involves premeditated use of violence against (at least primarily) non-combatants in order to achieve a psychological effect of fear on others than the immediate targets (2005, p. 2). These acts of terrorism are guided by a spiritual and political modeling which makes it so difficult to anticipate and so hard to neutralize. Human nature is predictable, it is the preservation of ones own life.People will kill others for self-defense and they would even kill their friends for self-preservation but they will not offer their lives for others. In many instance a person will perhaps die trying to save someone but it is rare to see someone die to make a statement or to force others to do something. It is no wonder why the U. S. personnel were ill-equipped to neutralize a new type of enemy soldier that emerged in the battle grounds of the Middle East. The Aftermath From t he definition above of terrorism one can say that the attack on the U. S. Marine barracks was unique because in a normal terrorist attack the targets are non-combatants.But in this case the terrorists were able to stumble hard and fast against the intended target which are the soldiers. According to Shaul Shai, One of the guidelines pertaining to the issue of suicide attacks require that the attack achieve exceptional results which can be applied as leverage for political or military changes, and inflict significant losses upon the enemy. In addition, the suicide terrorist must carry out his deed out of a sense of complete understanding and recognition regarding the value of his deed and his personal martyrdom (2005, p. 91)Considering the above statement it can be argued that the terrorists prudent for the attack were indeed successful and that they achieved what they set out to do. With regards to the goal of creating leverage for political or military changes, Kushner referring to the Embassy and Marine barracks attacks alluded to how the terrorist group indirectly influenced the outcome of the political and military scenario. And Kushner wrote, The double horror of these disasters led to a drop in public support of the U. S. military presence in Lebanon and hastened the withdrawal of U.S. and Western European troops from the country (2003, p. 386). The attacks also achieved one of its primary goals which is to wage an effective psychological warfare over their enemies situated thousands of miles away. In a report to the occasion President Reagan, Vice-President George Bush made the following remarks, Terrorism deeply troubles the American people. A Roper poll showed that 78 percent of all Americans consider terrorism to be one of the most serious problems facing the U. S. Government today (Bush, 1987, p. 22).Conclusion The attack on the temporary U. S. Marines barracks on October 23, 1983 at Beirut, Lebanon was one of the deadliest ever. What makes i t sadder is the fact that those who died were one of the best and brightest that the U. S. military forces could offer. They died not from combat but from the hands of a fanatical terrorist group that did not consider the fact that they came for peace. The Americans were given strict book of instructions on maintaining extreme tolerance. They were there to initiate a cease fire between Lebanon and Israel.For their noble efforts they were rewarded with a deadly car bomb that took 241 lives most of them died in their beds without given a chance to defend themselves. The motivation is a crazy mix of politics, ideology, and religion. Conventional warfare is out of the question and the enemy is content in eliminating even non-combatants. In the case of the barracks bombing they felt double pleasure in knowing that they were not only able to take out American lives but also that they dealt a major blow to their primary targets which were the elite U. S. Marines.

Hydrological Ecosystem Services Modelling

Hydrologic theoretical rates atomic number 18 necessary to interpret climatic forcing ( rainfall and temperature ) to lake rainfall, vaporization, and watershed influx. It is defined by Maidment ( 2000 ) as a mathematical mission of the flow of water system and its constituents on some portion of the land surface or subsurface environment . There are different cocksuckers for Water imagination Management characterised as a ) Hydrologic Models ( physical procedures ) that simulate river basin hydrologic processes ( H2O balance, rainfall-runoff, lake simulation, watercourse H2O quality theoretical accounts, etc. ) and b ) Water vision Models ( physical and direction ) that simulate current and future supply/demand of system, runing regulations and policies, environmental impacts, hydroelectric production and Decision Support Systems ( DSS ) for policy interaction. Hydrological theoretical accounts are usually designed for stationary conditions, but they are used under conditions o f alteration in clime alteration surveies ( Xu et al. , 2005 ) .To measure the variableness of surface H2O and groundwater picks over selected Iberian river basins several different plans can be used. Modelling is now a common diaphysis in the field of hydrological research, and a fast revealment of computational power, the ability to pattern the natural H2O rhythm has progressed tremendously over the young decennaries. Considerable attempt has been expended on ontogeny amend catchment hydrological theoretical accounts for gauging the effects of clime alteration ( Arnell and Liu, 2001 ) . Many new techniques and methodological analysiss draw been raised to ease the river basin research. For illustration, the usage of GIS, remote feeling techniques, rainfall-runoff modeling, diverse patterning appraisals, H2O quality appraisals, river basin hydrology and so on. A quantitative analysis of river discharge is the base for all other fluxes researches like foods or H2O dilapida te modeling. However, the methodological analysis of quantitative analysis or discharge modeling is really different from part to part.Although the construct of the hydrologic rhythm is simple, the phenomena are tremendously tangled and intricate. The hydrological theoretical accounts are developed to analyze the future impacts of clime and socio- economic alterations on catchment hydrology and hence, the standardization and proof of the preexisting regionalised attacks demands to be carried over a sufficiently bounteous scope of catchment conditions such that the attack stays within or shut to the standardization scope. Water flat fluctuations during extremum flow season and H2O shortfall or dry periods creates more(prenominal) informations uncertainness. Of major concern is the decrease in low flows and lowered groundwater degrees, which might take to H2O deficits, particularly during summer periods ( Arnell and Liu, 2001 ) . usually low flow rivers are ignored by the establis hments to enter river flow and put in adequate gauging Stationss in the water parting. However in the absence seizure of perfect cognition, they may be represented in a simplified manner by agencies of the systems construct.Water allotment modeling has received considerable aid in the recent yesteryear by the scientific community for the analysis of H2O utilizations by all viing sectors. For illustration, an economic theoretical account is developed by Bielsa and Duarte ( 2001 ) for apportioning H2O between two viing sectors, irrigation and hydropower in NE Spain. Babel et al. , ( 2005 ) developed a simple synergistic incorporate H2O allotment theoretical account ( IWAM ) , which can help the contrivers and finish shapers in optimum allotment of limited H2O from a storage reservoir to different user sectors, sing socio-economic, environmental and proficient aspects.Water allotment mold is sort of a river basin direction determination support system ( DSS ) designed as a computer-a ided tool for developing improved basin broad planning. Analysis is carried come forward for H2O balance of the river basins under different degrees of H2O users and determines the H2O allotment in the basin.2.3 Ecosystem services patterningHydrological procedures have been identified as presenting ecosystem services that are cardinal to some(prenominal) human wellbeing and the care of biodiversity. However, patterning the connexions between landscape alterations and hydrologic procedures is non simple. Sophisticated theoretical accounts of these connexions and associated procedures ( such as the WEAP theoretical account ) are resource and informations intensive and require significant expertness.Freshwater ecosystems provide society with the indispensable services of H2O supply for its nutriment, economic activity, and diversion, every bit good as home ground for its fresh water piscary. The WaterGAP theoretical account, used by Alcamo et Al. ( 2003a, 2003b ) to quantify freshwat er-related ecosystem services, computes H2O handiness on a grid and river basin graduated table by taking into history precipitation/snowmelt, vaporization, groundwater storage and overflow. The theoretical account estimates future H2O backdowns harmonizing to alterations in income, population, and electricity demand. Other similar tools include Advanced Terrestrial Ecosystem Analysis and Modelling ( ATEAM ) , ( Schroter et al. , 2005 ) , Artificial Intelligence for Ecosystem Services ( ARIES ) ( Bagstad et al. , 2011 Villa et al. , 2011 ) , EcoAIM, Eco Metrix, Ecosystem Services Review ( sed rate ) , LUCI ( Jackson et al. , 2013 ) , ES Value, and Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs ( InVEST ) .Ecosystem services theoretical account, Integrated Valuation of Environmental Services and Tradeoffs ( InVEST ) developed by Natural Capital Project, theoretical accounts for quantifying, function, and valuing the benefits provided by tellurian, fresh water and marine s ystems. InVEST is designed to inform determinations about natural resource direction. Decision-makers, from authoritiess to non-profits to corporations, frequently wield lands and Waterss for multiple utilizations and necessarily must measure tradeoffs among these utilizations InVESTs multi-service, modular design provides an effectual tool for measuring these tradeoffs ( InVEST user guide, 2.4.4, 2012 ) .Models are compulsory to expect ecosystem prostrations so that policies can be developed to avoid or accommodate to these prostrations. The MAs Conditions and Trends Report ( 2005 ) besides dismantles out the demand for both conceptual and quantitative theoretical accounts that can get down to give both scientific and policy communities advance warning of when the capacity of systems is get imbibe to be eroded, or thresholds likely to be reached.Soil erode is one of the biggest jobs in connexion with agricultural patterns in many parts of the universe. It is required to devel op a streamlined procedure in which unranked loss appraisal and the measure of transported deposit are calculated to place possible bad countries of dirt eroding. Erosion and deposit are natural procedures that contribute to healthy ecosystems, but excessively much may hold terrible effects. The magnitude of sediment ecstasy in a water parting is determined by several factors. Natural fluctuation in dirt belongingss, precipitation forms, and incline create forms of eroding and deposit overflow. Vegetation holds dirt in topographic point and gaining controls sediment traveling overland. The Sediment Retention theoretical account provides the user with a tool for ciphering the mean one-year dirt loss from each mail boat of land, finding how much of that dirt may get at a peculiar point of involvement, gauging the ability of each package to retain deposit, and measuring the cost of taking the accrued deposit.2.4 Decision devising toolsDecision Support Systems ( DSS ) are considered the best tool for nearing an incorporate analysis of H2O direction. Such systems apply ground similar to that of a human being, who is the expert in the topic ( Stevens, 1984 ) . These systems are provided with informations from many diverse beginnings of information, including experimental consequences, field study informations, and even those obtained from traditional theoretical accounts.Current tools range from simple dispersed sheet theoretical account to complex package bundles. If they are flexible plenty for usage in diverse determination contexts and can be affordably applied, they could moderately be incorporated into public and private-sector environmental determination doing on a everyday footing ( Bagstad et al. , 2013 ) . However, the development of decision-support tools that integrate ecology, economic sciences, and geographics to back up determination devising is a more recent phenomenon ( Ruhl et al. , 2007 Daily et al. , 2009 ) .Furthermore, there are besides sev eral commercial package bundles, specifically designed for each type of DSS. DSSs can be either stochastic or deterministic, depending on whether or non they deal with procedures incorporating a grade of uncertainness.Stakeholders penchants could bring forth utile information in prioritizing and developing better H2O resource direction programs and besides avoid maximal struggles. The Analytic Hierarchy Process ( AHP ) is a process for depicting elements of a job hierarchically. AHP was used to work out the multi-criteria decision-making job of alternate H2O supply for Francoli river basin. The job is divided into smaller parts and the process guides determination shapers through a series of pair-wise comparing that gives the proportional importance of the elements in the hierarchy. Decision support systems are non merely of import but besides rather complex and is in demand of systems that facilitate more consistent and effectual strategic determinations.

Three Quantitive Forecasting

Identify three qualitative forecasting orders and discuss their advantages and disadvantages. 1. Jury of Executive impanel Executive panel forecasting uses the expertise of experienced upper managers from various aspects of the business to predict forecast. Executives from areas such as sales, financial, operations and production get together to predict trends, sales, and demand estimates for their particular area of expertise. Advantages of Jury of executive acknowledge a. Seasoned professional provides their opinion b.The responses provided are quick since executives are apart of the presidency c. Vested interest in the company Disadvantages include a. Group think (individual managers may go with the group instead of their own opinion) b. Tendency to go along with the 1 man/woman c. 2. Consumer Survey This forecasting is focused directly to the consumer. A series of questions are presented to the consumer about a particular product or service. I have been asked to participate in numerous consumer surveys about a product or service that I have used.The survey may used to shape if a product should be created, changed or discontinued. It consist of a sampling consumer to determine demand/spending trends. Advantages of Consumer Survey include a. Information comes directly from the witness (the customer) b. Asks the customer their intention. c. Interviews done in person, although they can be time consuming, allows the interviewer to see the respondents body languages. Can probe for deeper questions Disadvantages of consumer survey include a.Consumers may non be entirely truthful b. Interviews that are done in person can be time consuming. c. Mailing and telephone, although they take less time and money, do not allow for probing questions 3. Delphi Method Delphi method of forecasting was developed by RAND in 1950 with the original intent to focus on how technology affected warfare. The Delphi method is made up of a panel of experts who answers a series of c arefully designed questions. In addition to experts, Delphi method also uses staff and respondents.Delphi method requires anonymity, iteration, controlled feedback and statistical aggregation of respondents (Rowe and Wright, 1999). Because of anonymity, individuals are free to express their opinions without judgment or peer-pressure. Iteration gives them the opportunity to rethink their response after further consideration. Controlled feedback provides respondents with the opinion of the other members of the panel. Advantages of Delphi include a. Anonymity It allows respondents to freely give their opinion without fear of the other participants knowing who they are. b.It is conducted in writing so it allows the participants to respond at their convenience within a prescribed period of time. c. Is focused on the current issue only. Disadvantages of Delphi include a. Anonymity is also a disadvantage. Because the other participants do not know who makes the opinion, at that place is n o ownership for the opinion given. Experts may not be fully committed as they will not receive credit for their opinion. b. Can be time consuming as it requires iterations. c. Requires participants time and commitment so some participants may back out before the study is completed.

Funny in Farsi Analysis

Funny in Farsi Analysis Firoozeh Dumas is an Iranian-the Statesn writer, known for creating the memoir Funny in Farsi. Born in Iran, Dumas tells of her childhood memories and how she and her family moved to America when she was just s make up years old. Soon after the events that took place on September 11th, friends had encouraged her to print the stories that she had written. By doing this, she would be able to tell Ameri muckles of how Middle Eastern cultures ar not what the media portrays them to be.Throughout the memoir, Dumas aims to show Americans that Iranians are truly virtuous and have a sense of humor. With the determination of blithe round humor, emotional pull in, and family anecdotes, Dumas shows that Iranians are not, (in each way,) what we think they are. Dumas attempts to show us that Iranians have a sense of humor by establishing a lighthearted tone from the beginning of the piece. As opposed to keeping the piece serious, she ends the very first passage dict um that even though her br separate was far away from her it was merely a small price to compensate for owning a Barbie.Though she could have been focusing on the distance from her br another(prenominal), she was rather occupied with her Barbie, an act fairly regular for a seven-year-old girl. The phrase can help many readers feel nostalgic. Many people have some sort of object or toy tied to a relative, and being with that particular toy can make it seem as if we are with that loved one. At the same time, this also sparks emotional appeal and nostalgia to the reader many of us, as children had found ourselves happy at the receipt of a new toy, even if we had been crying just seconds before.Dumas easily uses both strategies at the same time to show the innocence and humor of Middle Eastern cultures. After a rather embarrassing first mean solar day of school (with her mother,) Dumas mulish that from that day on, her mother would have to stay home. Dumas uses a combination of a fa mily anecdote as well as self-deprecation to showcase the innocence and humor of the Middle Eastern people. Dumas attends her very first day of school with her mother to. The day proves to be embarrassing to Dumas, as it negated the impression she had made just the other day.The students had begun to stare at them not because they could not speak English, but because they appeared rather dimwitted. The author belittles herself by the use of self-deprecation because of this, the audience is able to identify with her. Dumas does this successfully by admitting that she and her mother appeared stupid, further reinforcing it by face that her first impression had been negated by the days events. The word negated communicates the idea that Dumas hard work in impressing her teacher, Mrs. Sandberg had been done in vain.It makes her more likeable to her readers, and only strengthens her message that Iranians are merely virtuous and disgrace people. The September 11 attacks had left many Mid dle Eastern cultures with awful stereotypes. Dumas memoirs, however, successfully convey the take care that Middle Eastern people are not what the media tells us. With the use of a lighthearted tone and Dumas comic story of going to school and owning Barbies, Funny in Farsi shows the audience that the Iranian people (and perhaps other Middle Eastern cultures,) are indeed innocent, virtuous, and humble people.

Rubik’s Cube Instructional Speech

In 1974, a twenty-nine grade old Hungarian named Erno Rubik was trying to shape a structural material body problem. He was working on a model that would help him explain a three-dimensional geometric when he finally ended up creating the famous, colorful cubical form we k like a shot as a Rubiks mental blockHowalways, Rubik did not give the cube his namehe called it the Magic block. It was renamed the Rubiks Cube by the Ideal Toy Corporation in 1980. Little did Rubik know that his cube would become a booster around the world with the first world championship held in his native, Budapest, in 1982, with a sixteen year old Vietnamese girl winning the competition, unscrambling the Cube in 22.95 seconds. Solving a Rubiks Cube requires some study and decision-making.There are a variety of methods used to solve a Rubiks Cube, plainly the most popular and the most effective is called the Fridrich method. In the next few minutes, I would like to manage with you how to solve the Rubik s Cube. As I said before, there are many different algorithms and modal values to solve a Rubiks cube. But the one that I have found to be easiest to generalise was the Fridrich Method. this instant today, Im only going to explain how to solve one face of the cube due to the limited amount of time. Start with solving the give chase. I like to start with the color white, so I give describe the steps according to starting with the white cross.Each side of the cube has a different color centre of attention. The center color determines the color of the side. I chose to start with the white center magical spell on the foundation and the opposite side yellow gentleman on the top, simply because thats the way I learned.1.Look around the cube for white edge fixs, not corner pieces but pieces that outline the cross shape. Move the pieces to the top of the cube around the yellow piece. Each white piece of the cross will have a color adjacent to it.2.You want to match up the, say whi te piquant piece to the blue center piece and the white red piece to the red center piece and so on.3.Then you want to make sure the white piece is matched up with the bottom white center piece and flip the from face 180 degrees clockwise. Do so for every color until you get the all-white cross.4. Now each white piece should still be matched to the like color center piece.5.Next you will solve the corners.The next 2 steps are the hardest to follow but I will try my shell to explain clearly.6.Look around the cube for white corner pieces. If you have a white corner piece on the top you have to memorize a egg on. Up clockwise, to 180 degrees, then right goes right back down. This move can be used on any side.7.Now look at the early(a) color that is adjacent to the white on its side, not top. Match the adjacent color diagonally to its same color by moving only the top layer. Then do the following move move the right side clockwise, top clockwise, right counter clockwise.8.Do the s ame steps with the other white pieces. It could call back a few tries to get it right but keep repeating it until you get it.Now you should have the bottom of the cube solid white and the bottom layer of each side filled with one color.If youve ever tried to solve the Rubiks cube and devoted up, I encourage you to try it again now using the Fridrich method I began to explain. For further instructions you can visit http//www.wikihow.com/Solve-a-Rubiks-Cube-(Easy-Move-Notation). But first let me warn you as Cubing infects people of all ages around the globe, there has actually been a name given for those that are obsessed with a Rubik Cube. They are called Cubaholics. Many of real Cubaholics are said to suffer from Rubiks wrist and Cubists thumb bear in mind

Organizational Communication

Shockley-Zalabak (2009) suggests the major(ip) characteristics of the scientific counseling school are carefully developed chains of command and efficient element of labor (p. 68). The netmba. com (2010) website, which cites Taylor (1911), suggests the following four major characteristics of the scientific management school * Replace the rule-of-thumb work methods establish on a scientific guinea pig of the tasks. * Scientifically select, train, and develop each worker rather than passively leaving them to rain themselves. Cooperate with the workers to take care that the scientifically methods are being followed. * Divide work nearly evenly between managers and workers, so that the managers have got scientific management principles to planning the work and the workers actually finish the tasks. (p. 1)The scientific method implication on talk is manifested in management controlling the chain of communion. Shockley-Zalabak (2009), who cites Faylor (1949), suggests orders sho uld go on from lonesome(prenominal) one superior and that a bypass of the chain of command would be a reference book of problems (p. 9). I opine this suggest that communication is organized from the top down. In addition, I intrust this communication method does not afford both input form subordinates or other stakeholders. I believe it assumes that management is always right and is the only source of solutions. Thereby, I believe subordinates are somewhat disenfranchised. Shockley-Zalabak (2009) suggests, The gracious behavior school characteristics assumes that work is accomplished by dint of people and emphasizes cooperation, participation, satisfaction, and interpersonal skills (p. 72).Therefore, I believe this theory encourages open, participatory communication between management and subordinates at all aims. In my organization, I believe our school ground management and planning team utilizes this management style in making decisions. The worldbank. org (2007) websi te suggests school-based management is the decentralization of federal agency from the central government to the school level (p. 2). Our school based planning management team encourages cooperation, divided up decision-making, and participation among all stakeholders, which are tenets of the human behavior theory.Shockley-Zalabak (2009) suggests, incorporate perspectives characteristics attempt to explain how people, technologies, and environments integrate to forge all that happens in organizations (p. 77-78). I believe this theory, as Shockley-Zalabak (2009) suggests, affects the effectiveness of communication not only within the organization, but in any case to how the organization communicates with its environment, its customers, and community (p. 88).In my organization, engine room is used to communicate real-time attendance, schedule, and grading data to parents and students through a system called SchoolMax. The K12progrms. com website suggests, SchoolMax is one of the close to technologically advanced web-based student information systems available on the market today that addresses the broad inescapably of todays K-12 school districts with a fully integrated and feature teeming solution for the management of student information. In final analysis, I suggest scientific method, human behavior, and integrated perspectives influence organizational communication.Referenceshttp//siteresources.worldbank.org/EDUCATION/Resources/278200-1099079877269/547664-1099079934475/547667-1145313948551/what_is_SBM.pdfOrganizational CommunicationShockley-Zalabak (2009) suggests the major characteristics of the scientific management school are carefully developed chains of command and efficient division of labor (p. 68). The netmba. com (2010) website, which cites Taylor (1911), suggests the following four major characteristics of the scientific management school * Replace the rule-of-thumb work methods based on a scientific study of the tasks. * Scientifically se lect, train, and develop each worker rather than passively leaving them to rain themselves. Cooperate with the workers to ensure that the scientifically methods are being followed. * Divide work nearly evenly between managers and workers, so that the managers apply scientific management principles to planning the work and the workers actually perform the tasks. (p. 1)The scientific method implication on communication is manifested in management controlling the chain of communication. Shockley-Zalabak (2009), who cites Faylor (1949), suggests orders should come from only one superior and that a bypass of the chain of command would be a source of problems (p. 9). I believe this suggest that communication is organized from the top down. In addition, I believe this communication method does not afford any input form subordinates or other stakeholders. I believe it assumes that management is always right and is the only source of solutions. Thereby, I believe subordinates are somewhat di senfranchised. Shockley-Zalabak (2009) suggests, The human behavior school characteristics assumes that work is accomplished through people and emphasizes cooperation, participation, satisfaction, and interpersonal skills (p. 72).Therefore, I believe this theory encourages open, participatory communication between management and subordinates at all levels. In my organization, I believe our school based management and planning team utilizes this management style in making decisions. The worldbank. org (2007) website suggests school-based management is the decentralization of authority from the central government to the school level (p. 2). Our school based planning management team encourages cooperation, shared decision-making, and participation among all stakeholders, which are tenets of the human behavior theory.Shockley-Zalabak (2009) suggests, integrated perspectives characteristics attempt to explain how people, technologies, and environments integrate to influence all that happ ens in organizations (p. 77-78). I believe this theory, as Shockley-Zalabak (2009) suggests, affects the effectiveness of communication not only within the organization, but also to how the organization communicates with its environment, its customers, and community (p. 88).In my organization, technology is used to communicate real-time attendance, schedule, and grading data to parents and students through a system called SchoolMax. The K12progrms. com website suggests, SchoolMax is one of the most technologically advanced web-based student information systems available on the market today that addresses the broad needs of todays K-12 school districts with a fully integrated and feature rich solution for the management of student information. In final analysis, I suggest scientific method, human behavior, and integrated perspectives influence organizational communication.Referenceshttp//siteresources.worldbank.org/EDUCATION/Resources/278200-1099079877269/547664-1099079934475/547667- 1145313948551/what_is_SBM.pdf

Feast of the dead by Cevdet Kudret Essay

It was January when the world seemed grimmer, streets empty, people went out only for work. A boy who had been to the super C told to the man he saw that Dursun Agha is dead. Dursun Agha is the adept who calls at the street asking if soul needs water, one trip, two trips, three trips and any(prenominal)one would call back, one trip means two gages of water that cost three Kurush. Dursun is asturdy man with a round black beard, has 2 children and a wife named Gulnaz, she help Dursan when someone would call her to wash clothes that only happens twice or thrice a week and name few more three kurush. The caused of Dursuns death was he had hit his head on the rock-and-roll bowl under the tap when he slipped. No one ever thought that a unvoiced and durable man could die just like that all of a sudden.Gulnaz heard the news and didnt know what to do with her children, she didnt know how she can feed two mouths by washing clothes. It wasnt enough. No one eat for 36-48 hours until someo ne feel the hunger inside their stomach. As a Moslem tradition, when someone died the neighbor will give viands to the family whos in grief for a solar day or two. The first who gave food was from a wealthy man who lived in the white house the tray of food was brought by the maid it was covered in a cloth. No one actually thought of eating that day but when they saw the food it gives them relaxation of feelings. The foods came and it lasted for three of four days. The food stopped sexual climax but they were still hoping until suppertime and they realize that no one will give them food anymore.They put off food and they found it hard to readjust because they get used to the foods that was given by the neighbors until the day came that they shit nothing to eat at all.The children and Gulnaz slept with empty stomach. The next day the young boy told to Gulnaz that it hurts inside, but she cant do anything, they all felt dizzy and hungry. Days passed by until a horse beat of bre ad on its side. Instead of asking for a loaf of bread, Gulnaz froze and didnt say anything, she just permit Gods blessing pass by. She went back to her room empty handed. When her son told her that she cant stand anymore, he ask his eldest son to go to the grocery store and asked if he could asked some food to the grocery store and tell them they would pay it in a few days. But the frivolity didnt work to Bodos so the child left the with empty handed.

Divine Command Theory, Objectivism, Diversity and Dep Theses

1. Explain what is meant by saying that a value is internal? How are submissive determine related to intrinsic values? A value is said to be intrinsic if an object has the value for its own sake or because of its nature. A value is said to be subservient if it aids in achieving or acquiring something with intrinsic value. For example, ones job could draw instrumental value in that it acquires money. Furthermore, money could have instrumental value in that it contribute provide objects from which one derives happiness or pleasure, something with intrinsic value.Objects or activities with instrumental value typically aid in acquiring things with intrinsic value. 2. gibe to the godly Command opening (DCT), does paragon command what he commands because it is intrinsically bully or is what God commands good because it is God who commands it? The churchman Command Theory adverts that what God commands is good because He commands it, but this view is not necessarily valid. Accor ding to the DCT, goodness is equated with God-willed, suggesting that the commands of God are good because they are His commands.A statement such as God is good becomes redundant and illogical if good is equated with God-willed. It would be more logical to think that Gods commands have intrinsic goodness since atheists and other nonbeli forevers stop identify with some responsibilityeous foundation. An atheist might make out to believe that God was correct in saying that killing is upon not because he believes in Gods word but rather he believes that the rule is intrinsically good. 3. According to the Divine Command Theory why should we succeed the moral law?According to the Divine Command Theory, we should obey the moral law because it is the word of God. The DCT suggests that virtuously proficient means willed by God, so acting in compliance with moral law is essentially synonymous with acting in compliance with the word of God. Since God determines the moral law, no other reason is required for us to obey. 4. Explain why the DCT logically makes ripeeousness arbitrary. Why is arbitrariness a problem for morality? The Divine Command Theory suggests that morally right simply means willed by God.If something is morally right based solely on what God determines, an unsettling arbitrariness arises out of His commands. It would seem that God could proficient as easily make seemingly immoral acts moral (i. e. rape, genocide). The problem with arbitrariness is that it makes the development of a deeper, more appreciative morality absolutely impossible. An example can be made out of the story of Joshua and the battle at Jericho. If we are to believe that God determines what is morally right and wrong, then we believe that Joshua was just in slaughtering the men, women, and children because it was Gods command.In this scenario, this belief prevents the development of a moral understanding that murder is wrong, a severe problem for morality. 5. Define and ex plain estimable Relativism, Ethical Absolutism, and Ethical Objectivism. Ethical relativism is the idea that moral right and wrong are defined within a nightclub/culture or by an individual. The difference between night club (conventional honest relativism) and an individual (subjective ethical relativism) defining morality is very clear. Subjectivists indorse that individuals are allowed to define what is right or wrong, but this would suggest that criminals (i. . murderers, cannibals, rapists) are correct and morally right when they engage in their crimes, since no one can ever be wrong. Conventionalists would hold that a society or culture is left to define moral right and wrong. However, it would allow for any group to declare their ideals right or just, suggesting that groups with immoral ideals (i. e. congregations of rapists, murderers, etc. ) would be just as morally right as pro-life activists. Ethical absolutism holds that fundamental, absolute moral right and wrong exist and must not be defied by anyone, regardless of context.However, the ethical objectivist believes that in that respect exists a universal morality relevant to all people and cultures, but with context taken into consideration. For example, the ethical absolutistic would believe that a mother stealing medicine to help her sick child is wrong because the rotter line is that stealing is wrong. However, the ethical objectivist would hold that the mothers reasoning was sound and that her moral arrangement to help her child overrides her moral duty to the law. 6.Explain how the Diversity dissertation together with the addiction Thesis logically imply the conclusion that Ethical Relativism is true. Then, give at least two arguments against ethical relativism. Are there reasons to believe that there are some documentary values that apply in any society? The Diversity Thesis is an anthropological fact stating that moral right and wrong vary amongst contrastive societies, so there are no fundamental or universal morals held by all societies. The Dependency Thesis states that what is morally right and wrong is dependent upon what the society defines as right and wrong.If both of these hold true, and conventional ethical relativism is described by a society in which moral right and wrong are defined within the society, then the connection is clear. The Diversity Thesis coupled with the Dependency Thesis entail the conclusion outlined in conventional ethical relativism. There are a digit of arguments to be made against the idea of conventional ethical relativism. For example, some cultures view their women as inferior to men, refuse basic rights (and in some cases, inflicting genital mutilation).While this may be seen by a majority of the society as acceptable, it is often argued that the disregard for human rights is immoral. The ethical relativist would argue that the society is right in doing some(prenominal) it collectively thinks is right. In this case, and in many more, it is clear that the society is not always correct in defining moral right and wrong by its own standards. Additionally, the ethical relativist might argue that the pro- slavery strawman in early America was morally sound because the society thought that what they were doing was morally right. The notion that slavery is wrong is now more widely accepted, but a glimpse not too farthermost into our countrys past would prove otherwise. This is an obvious example of why ethical relativism is incorrect and can inadvertently allow immorality to be permissible. It is sound to think that the value of human life is an objective value relevant to all societies. While it may be recognized to varying degrees in different parts of the world, it is safe to acknowledge human life as something to be universally valued by all societies.

Financial Wellness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Financial Wellness - Essay Examplested in a wide variety of monetary instruments such as common stocks, preferred stock, corporate bonds, treasury bills, and derivative instruments among other options. People brush aside use finances to plan for their retirement (Cnn).An area of finances that I often have job with is budgeting. I always try to create a personal budget of my expenses every month, but it seems as if my personal budgets are always off. I always end up spending more currency than what my budget stipulates. The use of software such as excel or quicken can armed service people manage their personal budgets better (Intuit). Financial goals are very important. The first step in personal financial planning is controlling your day-to-day financial affairs to enable you to do the things that brings you delight and enjoyment (Fowles). These goals can be established for the neighboring(a), neat, medium and long bound. SMART goals are specific, measurable, attainable, rea listic, and timely (Topachievement). An immediate goal is to save at least $300 at the end of the month. A short full term goal is to purchase a new smartphone within one to two months. A second short term goals is to save money to purchase winter clothes. An intermediate goal is to increase the value of my investment portfolio by 10% at the end of the year. Another goal is to save money for a slew payment on a new home within five years. A long term goal is to save $250,000 by retirement

Data Encryption and Authentication Methods Term Paper

Data Encryption and Authentication Methods - Term Paper ExampleThe recipients individualism is usually established online through digital signatures or certificates.Under this encryption, the substance abuser has to manually select the files and folders to be encrypted and run special command/ menu item to encrypt and decrypt the selected objects through certain software. Thus, the user must always remember to encrypt the relevant data before logging off. This gives scope for compassionate errors, where the user might forget to encrypt the data before leaving the system. However, manual encryption is technically more reliable and simple than other forms of encryption.Cryprite.comIn this form of encryption, encryption is compulsorily done for good on the disc during every bear witness and write task. The encrypted data is stored in the transparently encrypted volumes. In this geek of encryption, encrypted data grass only be transferred from computer to computer through diskettes . For the purpose of low level encryption, transparent encryption is the safest way to watertight ones data. However, in this type of encryption, there are problems in murder as it doesnt generally fit into multi-user networks.This kind of encryption involves encrypting the data before and after certain read /write functions are completed or certain confidential files are accessed. When a file is copied or moved, it is ciphered in a secret folder and when it is opened through a regulation application, it is deciphered. Again, when the application is to be shut down, the files are enciphered. Thus, at Start up, the encrypted files/folders are deciphered from specified folders/files and enciphered again during shutdown. A single out is that when the data to be encrypted is too large, it may lead to loss of data and reduction in strength of the computer.1Protection and authentication of data can be also be achieved at trio levels Email and file-encryption The use of passwords whi le accessing e-mails provides the first level of security. These mails could be encrypted and sent over a secure network by the sender and again decoded and read by the receiver. However, with the use of internet expanding to unlimited proportions, files can be intercepted and sensitive information can be accessed by hackers. It is also possible to hack or send phishing mails through e-mails.Data encryption during transmission using VPNs Transmission encryption technologies include stilboestrol (Data Encryption Standard) or AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) .This is a relatively safer way of transmitting information over the internet. A virtual private network cannot be easily accessed by intruders or hackers and information is encrypted using standard procedures like DES or AES.Password encryption on public interfacesAn example of asymmetrical fundamental provision this type of encryption involves the use of a plug point that has to manage keys, decide the algorithmic program to use for encryption and protect the master key or secret.Classification based on keys coding is the process of disguising data as cipher text before sending it over a network.This clothed data is encrypted by applying an algorithm to a